全髋关节置换患者延迟出院预防措施的研究进展

Recent Progress in Preventive Measures for Delayed Discharge after Total Hip Arthroplasty

全髋关节置换术(THA)是治疗终末期髋部疾病的常规方法。患者主要为老年人,器官功能储备差,合并疾病多,术后并发症多,住院时间较长。加速康复外科策略已在该领域推广,患者的住院时间已明显缩短,但疼痛、并发症和关节功能恢复不佳仍是导致THA患者出院延迟的主要原因。多模式镇痛、预防性镇痛、早期预防并发症、早期手术和早期下床活动等措施有助于充分控制疼痛、预防并发症和改善髋关节功能,促进患者早期康复。未来还需要大样本多中心研究探讨干预措施的个体化和规范化应用。

Total hip arthroplasty(THA)is a routine procedure for the treatment of end-stage hip diseases.The patients are mainly elderly people with poor reserve of organ function,leading to various postoperative complications and prolonged length of hospital stay.The strategy of accelerated rehabilitation surgery has been popularized in this field,and the length of hospital stay after THA has been significantly shortened,but some patients still cannot be discharged early due to postoperative pain,complications and poor joint function recovery.Solutions such as multimodal analgesia,preemptive analgesia,prevention of complications,early surgery and early mobilization are helpful to the pain management,complication prevention and hip function improvement,thus promoting early recovery of the patients.In the future,multicenter studies are needed to explore the individualization and standardization of the interventions.