1021例上海市某社区老年高血压病患者中医体质类型分布研究

On the Distribution of TCM Constitution Types of 1021 Elderly Patients with Hypertension in a Community of Shanghai City

目的:通过对1021例上海市某社区常住老年人群中医体质进行筛查,了解该社区老年高血压患者的中医体质分布情况,为社区老年人高血压健康管理提供基本数据参考。方法:采用王琦教授的九种中医体质类型分类量表,对该社区2017年1021例老年高血压病患者进行中医体质辨析分型。结果:1021例老年高血压病患者中,平和质183例(17.92%),其余八种偏颇体质共838例(82.08%)。偏颇体质中的阳虚质分布最多,占181例(17.73%),其次是阴虚质167例(16.36%)、痰湿质有143例(14.01%),分布最少的是特禀质39例占(3.82%)。在偏颇体质分布中,共有590例单一偏颇体质,248例复合体质,其中复合体质中以2种复合体质最多见150例(17.90%),不难发现,在复合体质兼夹其他体质种类越多时,数量上分布越少;复合体质中兼夹血瘀质的患者人数是最少的2例(0.81%),兼夹痰湿质的患者人数最多72例(29.03%)。结论:偏颇体质在本社区老年高血压患者体质分布上尤为突出,其中阳虚质、阴虚质、痰湿质在该社区高血压患者体质分布最为常见,在社区慢病管理中根据不同中医体质类型的患者制定出相应的防治干预方案,对社区老年高血压病的防治提供指导意义。

Objective: To provide basic data reference for health management of old people with hypertension in the community through screening TCM constitutions of 1021 elderly residents in a community of Shanghai city and surveying the distribution of TCM constitutions in the elderly patients with hypertension in the community. Methods: All 1021 elderly patients with hypertension in the community in the year of 2017 were differentiated and classified using professor Wang Qi′s nine types of TCM constitutions classification scale.Results: Among 1021 patients, there were 183 patients in normal constitution(17.92%), 838 patients in eight kinds of biased constitutions(82.08%). Yang deficiency constitution distributed the most among the biased constitution,there were 181 patients(17.73%), the next Yin deficiency constitution, 167 patients(16.36%), phlegm dampness constitution, 143 cases(14.01%), special constitution, the least, 39 cases(3.82%). Among the biased constitution,altogether 590 patients with single biased constitutions, and 248 patients with compound constitution, among the compound constitution, 150 patients were with two kinds of constitutions(17.90%), it showed that there were fewer patients when the compound constitution was complicated with other kinds of constitutions;when the compound constitution was complicated with blood stasis constitution, the patients were the fewest and there were two cases(0.81%), most of the patients complicated with phlegm dampness constitution and 72 cases(29.03%).Conclusion: Biased constitution is particularly prominent in the distribution of elderly patients with hypertension in the community, among them, Yang deficiency constitution, Yin deficiency constitution and phlegm dampness constitution are common in the distribution of the constitutions, the corresponding prevention and intervention program should be established according to different TCM constitutions in the management of chronic disease in the community, and it could provide the guidance for the prevention of community elderly hypertension.