高管海外背景与企业专利国际化——基于PCT申请的经验证据

Executives'Overseas Background and Corporate Patent Internationalization——Empirical Study Based on PCT Applications

在当前我国PCT(《专利合作条约》)国际专利申请(以下简称PCT申请)快速增长的背景下,本文使用2009~2019年创业板企业的数据,实证分析了高管海外背景对企业专利国际化的影响效果。研究发现:高管海外背景会正向促进企业专利国际化,且当高管既有海外求学背景又有海外任职背景时促进作用最强;相较于非CEO高管海外背景,CEO海外背景更能促进企业专利国际化;从内部治理因素看,高管股票期权激励正向调节高管海外背景对企业专利国际化的促进作用;从外部治理因素看,在知识产权保护程度低的地区,高管海外背景对企业专利国际化的推动作用更明显。本文的研究拓宽了国际专利申请的影响因素以及高管海外背景领域的相关文献,对企业开拓国际市场实现专利国际化具有指导意义。

In the context of the rapid growth of PCT(Patent Cooperation Treaty)international patent applications(hereinafter referred to as PCT applications)in China,this paper empirically analyzes the impact of executives'overseas background on the internationalization of corporate patent by employing the data of listed companies on GEM over the period 2009~2019.Our results indicate that executives'overseas background will positively promote corporate patent internationalization,especially when executives have both overseas study background and overseas working background;compared with non-CEO executives'overseas background,CEO overseas background can enhance corporate patent internationalization better;from the perspective of internal governance factors,executive stock option incentive positively moderates the promoting effect of executives'overseas background on corporate patent internationalization;from the perspective of external governance factors,the positive effect of executives'overseas background on corporate patent internationalization is more pronounced where there is lower degree of intellectual property protection.The research of this paper broadens the influencing factors of international patent application and the relevant literature in the field of overseas background of executives,and has guiding significance for enterprises to explore the international market and realize patent internationalization.