秦六迁都城的原因和影响

The Causes and Influence of the Six Relocations of the Capital in the Qin Dynasty

秦国都城历经6次迁移,从偏隅之地的西垂一路东迁至水肥土沃的关中地区并最终定都咸阳。究其原因,主观上,有秦人渴望回归中原文明、意欲扩大疆域和增强政治实力的因素等;客观上,关中优越的自然环境和军事地理位置以及雄厚的经济基础等因素,促使秦自西向东频移都城。秦频繁迁都提高了其政治地位,农业经济也得到长足发展,军事实力和国力都得到了极大增强,这为秦称霸中原并统一六国奠定了坚实基础。

The capital of Qin experiences six relocations,from the isolated west to the fertile land in central Shaanxi,and finally Xianyang.There are the subjective and objective causes of the relocations.Subjectively,the people of Qin are willing to return to the central-plain civilization,to expand their territory,and to strengthen their political power;objectively,the favorable natural conditions,military position and good economic foundation of central Shaanxi attract the royal court of Qin to shift its capital again and again from the west to the east.The frequent relocation of the capital has improved the political position,the agricultural economy,and the military and national power of Qin,laying a solid foundation for the unification of the six States by Qin.