欧盟合并控制竞争执法中创新损害问题研究

Research on Innovation Harm Issue in European Union Merger Control Enforcement

创新是欧盟竞争法中重要的非价格竞争要素之一,在分析企业合并对创新的影响时,欧盟委员会传统上主要从与特定及明确产品市场相关联的潜在竞争角度进行评估。近几年的执法实践表明,欧盟竞争执法范围已经扩展到具有动态性的创新竞争领域,开始关注无形的创新损害,并通过个案审查逐渐在理论基础、制度依据、执法政策、分析框架和方法等方面形成相对体系化的应对方案。欧盟应对创新问题的竞争执法经验为当下我国反垄断法修订以及执法完善提供了良好参考。

Innovation is a critical non-price factor of competition in the European Union(EU)competition law.The traditional approach of the European Commission(EC)to analyzing the impact of mergers on innovation is to assess the"potential competition"associated with specific and clear-defined product markets.The enforcement practice of the EC in recent years shows that the scope of competition enforcement has been extended to the dynamic innovation competition,and it has begun to focus on more"invisible"innovation harm.In the case-by-case review,the EC has gradually formed systematic solutions in the aspects of theoretical foundation,legal system basis,enforcement policy,analytical framework and methods.The experience of the EU in dealing with innovation issues provides a reference for the revision and enforcement of China's antitrust law.