黄颡鱼(♀)、长吻[鱼危](♂)及其杂交F1代遗传多样性分析

Genetic Diversity of Yellow Catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco(♀),Longsnout Catfish Leiocassis longirostris(♂)and Their Hybrid F1 Generation

利用SSR分子标记技术和从20对微卫星引物中筛选出的12对多态性较高的引物,分析1龄、体质量(14.20±1.20)g黄颡鱼(♀)和长吻[鱼危](♂)及其杂交F1代[黄颡鱼(♀)×野生长吻[鱼危](♂)]的遗传多样性。试验结果显示,这3个群体之间的平均等位基因数分别为4.583、3.667、5.000;平均有效等位基因数分别为2.382、2.221和2.535;平均观测杂合度分别为0.419、0.367和0.604;平均期望杂合度分别为0.477、0.383和0.597;多态信息含量分别为0.420、0.365和0.509。杂交F1代与父本长吻[鱼危]的遗传距离为0.8551,小于与母本黄颡鱼的遗传距离(1.7271),在亲缘关系树状图上先与父本聚为一支。杂交F1代从父本中获得较多的遗传物质,较双亲有丰富的遗传多样性和更高的基因杂合度。该试验结果将为研究黄颡鱼和长吻[鱼危]杂交后代的遗传多样性,探索鲿科鱼类属间杂交育种后亲本与子代的亲缘关系和遗传规律提供理论依据。

Genetic diversity was investigated in 1 year old yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco and longsnout catfish Leiocassis longirostris with body weight of (14.20±1.20) g and their hybrid F 1 [yellow catfish (♀) and wild longsnout catfish ( ♂ ) cross] using SSR molecular labeling technology and 12 pairs of high polymorphic primers selected from 20 pairs of microsatellite primers. The average number of allele ( N a ) was shown to be 4.583 in yellow catfish, 3.667 in longsnout catfish and 5.000 in their F 1 hybrids, the average number of effective allele ( N e ) was found to be 2.382 in yellow catfish, 2.221 in longsnout catfish and 2.535 in their F 1 hybrids, the average observed heterozygosity ( H o ) 0.419 in yellow catfish, 0.367 in longsnout catfish and 0.604 in their F 1 hybrids, and the average expected heterozygosity ( H e ) 0.477 in yellow catfish, 0.383 in longsnout catfish and 0.597 in their F 1 hybrids. There was polymorphic information content (PIC) of 0.420 in yellow catfish, 0.365 in longsnout catfish and 0.509 in their F 1 hybrids. The genetic distance between F 1 and its male parent was 0.8551, which was smaller than that between F 1 and its female parent (1.7271). The dendrogram of phylogeny revealed that the F 1 hybrids was first clustered with its male parent, showing that the hybrid F 1 generation got more genetic material from the male parent and had more genetic diversity and higher gene heterozygosity than the parents. The findings provide data support for the genetic diversity of the hybrid progenies of yellow catfish and longsnout catfish and a theoretical basis for the exploration of the genetic relationship between parents and their offsprings after the intergenetic cross breeding.