功能化木材在水污染净化领域的研究进展

Research Progress of Functionalized Wood in the Field of Polluted Water Purification

木材在工业废水治理领域拥有独特优势,如绿色、可再生、原料易得、适用范围广等。本文简单介绍了以木材为原料,通过脱木质素、功能纳米材料负载、官能团修饰等方法制备新型功能化木质复合材料(如:木材滤膜、木材气凝胶吸附材料、木材海绵等),并用于净化含有重金属离子、微生物、有机物染料、油污等工业废水的相关研究进展。分析了制备工艺、改良方法等对木材过滤与吸附废水中污染物种类、降解效率、吸附容量、杀菌效果以及循环使用性的影响,并指出了木质复合材料在水污染净化领域存在的潜在问题与未来应用前景。

Wood has unique advantages on industrial wastewater treatment including green,renewable,easy obtained,wide application,etc.This review gave an outline of the novel and functionalized wood-based composite(including wood filters,wood aerogel adsorption materials,wood sponge,etc.)prepared by depriving lignin and hemicellulose from the raw wood,loading functional nanomaterials and modifying functional groups on the raw wood for purifying the industrial wastewater containing heavy metal ions,microorganisms,organic dyes and oil stains.Then the influences of preparation technologies and modification methods on the types of pollutants,degradation efficiency,adsorption capacity,sterilizing effect,and recycling usability of wood for filtering and adsorbing the wastewater have been analyzed,and the potential problems and future application prospects of wood-based composite material in the field of water pollution purification were pointed out as well.