论集体经营性建设用地入市中所有权区分归属的正当性

On the Legitimacy of the Ownership Division in the Reform of Collectively Owned Buildable Land Entering the Market

城市规划区内、外所有权区分归属的视角缺失,将使城市化的集体土地难以融入改革行列。城市规划区内集体所有权的概括国有化、规划区外保持集体所有,符合现有集体经营性建设用地入市改革实践的经验,更是宪法框架的必然约束。“农业、农村、农民”之间的紧密联结构成集体所有权存续的内在机理。城市规划区内集体经营性建设用地入市打破了农民对农业、农村的依存关系,导致农民集体的群体性特质改变;入市适应了集体所有权向民事权利方向的转变,成就了集体所有权由“通过土地使用权提供生存保障”向“实现土地收益权以完成土地增值收益分配”的价值功能转变。城市化的集体所有权不再具备存续的主体基础和制度价值。

The lack of awareness of ownership differentiation between the inner and outer urban planning areas makes it difficult for the urbanized collective land to be integrated into the reformative use.The general nationalization of the collective ownership in the urban planning area and the maintenance of the collective ownership outside the planning area are pant of the existing reform of the collectively owned buildable land entering the market within the inevitable constraint of the constitutional framework.The close connection among agriculture,countryside and farmers constitutes the internal mechanism of the existence of collective ownership.In the urban planning area,the market entry of collectively owned buildable land breaks the dependence of farmers on agriculture and rural areas,which leads to the extinction of the collective characteristics of farmers;the market entry caters to the change from collective ownership to civil rights,achieving the functional transfer of collective ownership from“providing survival guarantee through land use right”to“realizing the distribution of land surplus value through land income right”.The collective ownership of urbanization no longer has the subject basis and the system value of existence.