湖泊单一及综合控制水位研究现状及趋势

Research status and trend of single and integrated water level control in lakes

湖泊作为天然的水域形态之一,既是水资源的聚宝盆又是水问题的聚集地,随着社会经济的发展,湖泊所承载的功能需求也越来越多,如何实现湖泊生产、生活和生态功能的协调和统一,将是今后很长一段时间内湖泊管理工作必然要面临的重点和难点问题。而对湖泊水位及其变幅的控制是实现湖泊多种功能有效发挥的关键技术。其中,防洪蓄涝水位的研究重点在于汛期分期和降雨径流预报;生态景观水位的研究重点在于保护目标与水位变幅之间的定量关系;水质调控水位的研究重点在于数据监测和模型构建;综合控制水位的研究重点在于湖泊功能的定位、排序与取舍。

As one of the natural water forms,lake is not only the cornucopia of water resources,but also the gather⁃ing place of water problems.With the development and promotion of economy,society and culture,the demand of Lake function is more and more.How to realize the coordination and unification of Lake production,life and ecologi⁃cal functions will be the focus of Lake development in the future.The control of lake water level and its amplitude is the key technology to realize full playing of lake multiple functions.Among them,the research focus of flood control and waterlogging storage water level is on flood season staging and rainfall runoff forecast;the research focus of eco⁃logical landscape water level is on the quantitative relationship between protection objectives and water level varia⁃tion;the research focus of control water level fo rwater quality is on data monitoring and model construction;the re⁃search focus of comprehensive control water level is on the positioning,sequencing and trade-off of Lake functions。