姑息治疗与安宁疗护基本用药指南

Chinese Guideline for Use of Essential Medicines in Palliative and Hospice Care

姑息治疗与安宁疗护是通过多学科协作的模式,有效改善患者的痛苦症状、提高生活质量,直至其舒适、有尊严离世的新兴临床学科,适用于各年龄阶段,罹患现代医学无法治愈,并伴有躯体和/或精神心理症状,严重影响生活质量的疾病终末期和临终期患者。合理使用药物是姑息治疗与安宁疗护中最为重要的内容之一,因此,指南工作组依照国际指南的制定标准、结合国内外相关研究和临床实践,制订了我国首部《姑息治疗与安宁疗护基本用药指南》。该指南围绕各种疾病终末期和临终期患者常见的33个全身性和各系统的躯体、精神心理症状及难治性症状,推荐23种治疗药物,其中20种药物收录于我国现行《国家基本药物目录》。为便于广大医务人员参阅学习,指南详细阐述了姑息治疗与安宁疗护专科的基本理论、临床用药原则、相关药物的用法用量和注意事项等内容。该指南的制定有助于提升各临床学科对疾病终末期和临终患者的诊疗服务质量,是确保患者获得舒适与尊严性医疗服务的基本保障,同时填补了我国姑息治疗与安宁疗护学科发展的空白。

Palliative and hospice care are medical specialities that provide multidisciplinary supports to help improve painful physical and/or mental symptoms to improve the quality of life till passing away with dignity and comfort in patients of all ages in the end or terminal stage of various incurable conditions.Rational use of medicines is one of the essential components in palliative and hospice care.Therefore,the guideline panel initiated the first Chinese Guideline for Use of Essential Medicines in Palliative and Hospice Care based on relevant research and clinical practice following the international criteria for guideline development.Focusing on 33 physical,mental and refractory symptoms of diseases affecting the whole body and various systems commonly seen in patients with terminal conditions,this guideline recommends 23 medicines for symptom control,20 of which are included in the current National Essential Medicines List.To facilitate the accessibility of medical workers for reference,the guideline describes in detail the fundamental theories of palliative and hospice care,principles of clinical prescription,as well as matters about rational usage,dosage and precautions of related drugs.This guideline helps to improve the quality of care for endstage patients in various clinical specialities,basically ensuring that they can obtain care with comfort and dignity,and filling a gap in domestic development of palliative and hospice care.