宫颈癌筛查方法及其进展

Methods and progress of cervical cancer screening

子宫颈癌起源于子宫颈上皮内瘤变,筛查发现子宫颈上皮内瘤变并积极治疗是预防子宫颈癌的有效措施。目前常用的宫颈癌筛查方法包括细胞学检查及人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)检测。细胞学检查及HPV检测均有新的筛查方法及进展。细胞学检查除了传统的巴氏细胞学检测及目前常用的液基细胞学检测,现部分医院开始采用细胞DNA倍性分析、P16/Ki67双染等方法辅助诊断。而HPV检测除了常规的HPV DNA检测,现较热门的是HPV E6/E7 mRNA检测,HPV E6/E7 m RNA检测可补充细胞学检查及HPV DNA检测的不足。现综述目前所采用的宫颈癌筛查方法及进展,为临床上宫颈癌筛查方法选择提供参考。

Cervical cancer originated from cervical intraepithelial neoplasia,and screening and active treatment are effective measures to prevent cervical cancer.The most commonly used methods for cervical cancer screening include cytology and human papillomavirus testing.There are new screening methods and progress in cytology and HPV testing.In addition to the traditional Papanicolaou cytology test and the commonly used liquid-based cytology test,DNA ploidy analysis and P16/Ki67 double staining have been used to assist the diagnosis in some hospitals.In addition to conventional HPV DNA testing,HPV E6/E7 mRNA testing is now more popular,which can supplement cytology and HPV DNA detection deficiencies.This article reviews the current methods and progress of cervical cancer screening for clinical cervical cancer screening methods to provide reference.