城堡·门·敲门声——《玛兰公主》戏剧结构中隐喻的建构作用

Castle·Door·Knocking——on Structural Metaphor in Princess Malan

从认知视角下观照梅特林克的戏剧《玛兰公主》的结构,可以发现隐喻的建构性作用。“城堡”反复出现,它不仅是故事的主要发生地,而且与情节的推进联系密切。"城堡"作为一个密闭空间,形成一个容器隐喻,它的状态变化隐喻着人的生命状态的变化。“城堡”状态的变化以内和外的界限——"门"的变化为标志。文本中有大量关于"门"的描写,包括反复出现的“敲门声”。对于"门"和“敲门声”的理解与对“城堡”的理解一样,都是隐喻性的。"城堡"这个容器隐喻将要被打破的前兆,被打破的过程,被打破后的结果,分别形成了全剧情节的发生、高潮和结束,推动了剧情的发展,由此形成《玛兰公主》结构的支配性力量。

From the cognitive perspective, the constructive function of metaphor can be found in the structure of Maeterlinck’s Princess Malan."Castle"appears repeatedly which is not only the setting of the story, but also closely related to the advancement of the plot. As a closed space,"Castle"forms a metaphor of container whose change of form implies the change of the living condition of human beings. And the change of the form of"Castle", the container, is marked by the change of the"door", the boundary between inside and outside. There are a lot of descriptions of"door"in the text, including the repeated "knocking". Just like"Castle", the"door"and"knocking"are metaphorical as well. As far as the container metaphor of"Castle"is concerned, the precursor to be broken, the process of being broken and the subsequences, promote the development of the plot and form the occurrence, climax and end of the whole plot respectively, hence the dominant force of the structure of Princess Malan.