“双一流”建设背景下本科精英学院发展困境破解

Solution to the Development Dilemma of Elite Undergraduate Colleges Under the Background of"Double First-Class"Construction

阐述了本科精英学院的历史与特征,指出精英学院是本科教学改革的重要成果,形成了不同于一般以学科专业建制学院的独特运行模式,但精英学院面临着明晰标准与弹性选拔之间的矛盾、行政权力与学术权力的失衡、统整性课程与个性化课程之间的纠葛、师资队伍的共享与流动的冲突、目标取向与过程管理的偏差等困境,"双一流"建设背景下的精英人才培养,应进一步合理定位精英人才培养目标,注重本科人才培养模式改革的顶层设计,建立非量化的精英学生选拔方式,建设符合精英学院特质的个性化课程,强化从事基础学科研究的精英教育,开展针对精英组织和精英群体的研究,以保障精英组织的合理运行。

This paper expounds the history and characteristics of elite undergraduate colleges,points out that the elite college is an important achievement of undergraduate teaching reform,and it has formed a unique operating mode different from that of the general subject-specialized colleges.The elite colleges are faced with difficulties such as the contradiction between clear standards and flexible selection,the imbalance between administrative power and academic power,the entanglement between integrated curriculum and individualized curriculum,the conflict between sharing and flowing of teaching staff,the deviation between goal orientation and process management,etc.The cultivation of elites under the background of"double first-class"construction should further define the cultivation goal of elites,pay attention to the top-level design of elite talent cultivation,establish a non-quantitative selection method for elite students,build individualized courses in elite colleges,strengthen elite education in basic subject research,and carry out research on elite organizations and elite groups to ensure the rational operation of elite organizations.