脱贫人口返贫风险监测:机制设置、维度聚焦与实现路径

Monitoring the Risk of Farmers Returning to Poverty in the Post-poverty Era:Dimension Focus,Mechanism Setting and Realization Path

加强脱贫人口返贫风险监测是后脱贫时代农村贫困治理的必然要求。遵循脱贫人口返贫问题事前治理逻辑,基于对返贫风险生发运演机理的理性揭示和科学预判,把内生脱贫动力、生计资源禀赋、外部灾害冲击和社会负面影响作为脱贫人口返贫生发的主要监测维度,且诸维度之间相互作用、相辅相成。返贫风险监测机制基于四大维度的监测预警能力越强,则越有利于及时化解返贫风险、阻断返贫。当前脱贫人口返贫风险监测机制建设面临监测制度不完善、监测主体配合机械式、监测技术体系不健全、风险信息管理碎片化和监测工作考核监督不完善等不利因素,迫切需要完善风险监测制度,布控筑牢脱贫人口返贫防线;明确风险监测职责,推动多元主体共同参与;强化监测技术体系支撑,打造返贫信息共享平台;创新信息管理机制,构建协同治理良好格局;共同推动后脱贫时代脱贫人口返贫风险监测机制的逐步形成、持续巩固和长效发力。

Strengthening the monitoring of the risk of farmers returning to poverty is an inevitable requirement of rural poverty management in the post-poverty era.The monitoring mechanism of the risk of returning to poverty follows the prior governance logic of farmers’ return to poverty issues.Based on the rational disclosure and scientific prediction of the mechanism of the return to poverty risk,it takes endogenous poverty alleviation motivation,livelihood resource endowments,external disaster shocks and negative social impacts that cause farmers to return to poverty as the main monitoring dimensions,and these dimensions interact each other.The stronger the monitoring and early warning capabilities of the Poverty Return Risk Monitoring Mechanism based on the four dimensions,the more conducive it will be to timely resolve the risk of return to poverty and prevent farmers from returning to poverty.The current construction of the monitoring mechanism faces disadvantages,such as imperfect monitoring system,mechanical coordination of monitoring subjects,imperfect monitoring technology system,fragmented risk information management,and imperfect evaluation and supervision of monitoring work.There is an urgent need to improve the risk monitoring system,control and build a strong defense line for farmers to return to poverty,clarify risk monitoring responsibilities, promote the joint participation of multiple entities,strengthen the support of monitoring technology systems,create a poverty information sharing platform,innovate information management mechanisms,and build a good pattern of coordinated governance,to jointly promote the gradual formation,continuous consolidation and long-term development of a monitoring mechanism for the risk of farmers returning to poverty.