国内鬼针草属杂草类群的鉴别

Identification of Bidens Weedy Taxa of Bidens in China

准确把握杂草的形态特征及鉴别方法,是进行杂草防控的重要基础.菊科鬼针草属(Bidens L.)杂草种类较多,其中有些种的中文俗名在不同文献中不一致,存在着同物异名和同名异物的现象,为这些杂草的识别和鉴定带来了不便.本文对国内已有文献报道的鬼针草属杂草进行了归纳整理,并结合鬼针草属的繁育系统实验结果,总结出国内鬼针草属植物共有9种3变种,其中鬼针草(B.pilosa)有三叶鬼针草(B.pilosa var.pilosa,原变种)、小白花鬼针草(B.pilosa var.minor)和白花鬼针草(B.pilosa var.radiata)3个变种.期望本研究结果为该属杂草中文俗名的规范使用、不同种的准确鉴别和采取有效防除措施提供参考.

Studies about the morphological traits and identification methods of weedy taxa can have implications for the practices of control and management of weeds.The Chinese common names of weedy species in Bidens L.of Asteraceae are not completely consistent in literature.The synonym or homonym occurs in terms of a few species,which brings confusion for identifying and controlling these weeds.This study summarized the weedy taxa of genus Bidens found in the Chinese literature in combination with the reported experiment results of the breeding system of the Bidens.It was showed that there were 9 species and 3 varieties of the weedy Bidens in China.Among them,B.pilosa included three varieties:B.pilosa var.pilosa,B.pilosa var.minor,and B.pilosa var.radiata.The result of this study was expected to provide a reference for the standardized use of Chinese common names of weedy Bidens taxa,as well as the correct identification and effective control of weedy taxa.