新疆野生假梯牧草种质资源分布与利用研究

Utilization and Geographical Distribution of Phleum phleoides(L.)Karst.in Xinjiang

【目的】以新疆野生假梯牧草[Phleum phleoides(L.)Karst.]种群为研究对象,分析野生梯牧草种质资源的利用价值。【方法】通过野外调查与室内分析相结合的方法,对种群地理分布、群落数量特征等调查测定。【结果】(1)新疆是我国野生假梯牧草分布主要产区之一,分布于天山、阿尔泰山和准噶尔西部山地海拔1100~2500 m山地草甸草原、草甸植被中;(2)假梯牧草在天然草地中的分布数量少,主要以伴生种或偶见种存在,鲜有以优势种出现;(3)新疆野生假梯牧草具有较梯牧草较宽的生态适应,具有一定的种质资源利用价值。【结论】开展野生假梯牧草的研究工作,挖掘优异种质材料,可为新品种选育、种质创新提供基础材料和科学依据。

【Objective】The present paper aimed to analyze the value of the use of wild germplasm resources in Xinjiang.【Method】We had measured the geographical distribution of the population and the characteristics of the number of communities based on the combination of field survey and indoor analysis.We took Phleum phleoides(L.)as the study objects.【Result】(i)Xinjiang was the one of main areas where wild Phleum phleoides(L.)were distributed in China,concentrated in the meadow steppe and meadow vegetation at an altitude of 1100-2500 meters in the Tianshan mountains,Altai mountains and the western of Junggar mountains;(ii)Phleum phleoides(L.)were very few in natural grasslands and were often found in communities.It was offen appeared as companion species;(iii)In natural grasslands,Phleum phleoides(L.)had more wide ecological niche than Phleum pretense and had germplasm resource utilization value.【Conclusion】It was important for providing basic materials and scientific basis in breed selection germplasm innovation,and germplasm protection.