基于高通量测序的淮山根际土壤真菌多样性分析

Analysis on Rhizosphere Soil Fungal Diversity of Yam with High Throughput Sequencing

【目的】分析不同种植方式下淮山根际土壤的真菌群落结构,为利用微生物多样性指导淮山科学种植提供参考依据。【方法】以淮山品种桂淮2号为试验材料,设定向结薯栽培(DX)和袋料种植(DL)方式两个处理,采用高通量测序(High-throughput sequencing)技术在门、纲、目和属水平上分析其根际土壤的真菌群落结构和多样性。【结果】两种种植方式淮山根际土壤真菌的组成相似,但袋料种植方式根际土壤的Shannon指数和ACE指数分别为4.49和683.41,均分别低于定向结薯栽培方式的5.15和730.72,表明袋料种植方式土壤的真菌多样性和丰富度均低于定向结薯栽培方式。两种种植方式淮山的根际土壤真菌在门水平上主要有子囊菌门、担子菌门、接合菌门、壶菌门、球囊菌门和新丽鞭毛菌门,其中子囊菌门为第一优势门;在纲水平上主要有锤舌菌纲、粪壳菌纲和伞菌纲等;在目水平上主要有白粉菌目、肉座菌目和地星目等;在属水平上主要有Microidium、镰刀菌属和Nidulariopsis。在门、纲、目和属水平上均未改变两种淮山种植方式下土壤真菌群落的相对丰度(除伞菌纲外),表明两种淮山种植方式根际土壤的真菌群落组成相似。【结论】在不同分类水平上,定向结薯栽培和袋料种植方式淮山根际土壤真菌的优势类群基本相同,表明以袋料种植方式进行淮山种植具有可行性;袋料种植方式中土壤的镰刀菌属的相对丰度高于定向结薯栽培方式土壤,可作为改善淮山袋料种植土壤生态环境的参考依据。

【Objective】Fungal community structure in rhizosphere soil by different planting methods of yam was analyzed,in order to provide a reference basis for guiding the scientific planting of yam in microbial diversity.【Method】Using yam variety Gui Huai 2 as experimental ma-terial to set two treatments by conventional orientation planting method of yam(marked as DX)and bag material planting method of yam(marked as DL).Then analyzing fungal community structure and diversity on the phylum,class,order and genus level in rhizosphere soil of yam by Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology.【Result】The structure and composition of fungal community in rhizosphere soil sam-ples of different planting methods were similar.The Shannon index and ACE index of bag material planting method were 4.49 and 683.41,that were both lower than conventional orientation planting method which respectively were 5.15 and 730.72.This meant,fungal diversity and abundance from bag material planting method of yam were lower than that from conventional orientation planting method of yam.In rhizo-sphere soils of yam,Ascomycota was predominantly observed,followed by Basidiomycota,Zygomycota,Chytridiomycota,Glomeromycota and Neocallimastigomycota on the phylum level.There were mainly Leotiomycetes,Sordariomycetes and Agaricomycetes on the class level.There were mainly Erysiphales,Hypocreales and Geastrales on the order level.There were mainly Microidium,Fusarium and Nidulariopsis on the genus level.In addition to the Agaricomycetes,the relative abundance of soil fungi community had not changed on the phylum,class,order and genus level by these two planting methods of yam.This suggested that the composition of fungi community in rhizosphere soil of these planting methods were similar.【Conclusion】On the different levels,the advantage of fungal community in rhizosphere soil of conventional orientation planting method and bag material plant-ing method were basically the same,showing that the bag mate-rial planting method of yam was feasible.Relative abundance of Fusarium in the bag material planting method of yam was higher than the conventional orientation planting method,it could be a reference for improve the soil ecological environment in the bag material planting method of yam.