论货币的第一个职能是价格标志

On the First Function of Money is Price Mark

货币的本质不是契约,而是契约所要表现的信用关系,即货币的本质是人类用作市场交易媒介的信用工具。以货币为媒介的市场交易的对象实质是商品使用价值而不是价值,商品使用价值的社会评价是价格,价格是市场交易的依据,市场实行等价格交易原则而不是等价值交易原则。货币只是市场交易的媒介,而不是衡量物品的尺度和砝码。在市场交易中,货币直接表现的只是价格,不是价值。所以,严格区分价格与价值的不同,就能够确定,在货币的本质规定下,依据对于市场交易的深层机理的考察,货币的第一个职能是价格标志,不是价值尺度。在正确认识货币第一个职能的基础上,才能全面推进对于货币职能的研究,对货币的第二个流通手段职能以及货币的贮藏手段、支付手段和世界货币的职能作出深入准确的新认识。

The essence of money is not contract,but the credit relationship that contract wants to express,that is,the essence of money is the credit tool that human beings use as the medium of market transaction.Human labor achievement becomes commodity,the object of market transaction with money as medium is commodity use value rather than value,social evaluation of commodity use value is price,price is the basis of market transaction.The market implements the principle of equal price transaction rather than the principle of equal value transaction.Money is only the medium of market transactions,not the measure and weight of goods.In market transactions,money directly expresses only price not value.Therefore,strictly distinguishing the difference between price and value can be determined.Under the essential regulation of money,according to the investigation of the deep mechanism of market transaction,the first function of money is price mark,not value scale.Based on the correct understanding of the first function of money,we can comprehensively promote the study of monetary function,and make a new and accurate understanding of the second function of money,which is the means of circulation,the means of storage of money,the means of payment and the function of world currency.