林间喷洒生防菌剂对松材线虫病的长期防效

Long-term Control Effect of Spraying a Biological Control Agent Against Pine Wood Nematode in Forest

[目的]考察Smal-007生防菌剂对松材线虫病防治效果的稳定性。[方法]对2014-2015年林间喷洒Smal-007生防菌剂后,进行了马尾松发病情况的6年跟踪和分析。[结果]在梅列区采用喷雾机人工喷洒菌剂能有效防治松材线虫病,虽然在2017和2018年喷洒区单位面积马尾松枯死株数均较前期有所增加,但显著低于对照区(P <0.05),且2019年调查中喷洒区马尾松的枯死株数呈下降趋势;在三元区,飞机喷洒菌剂能够有效减少马尾松单位面积枯死株数,在2016-2019年内均能将马尾松的枯死率维持在一个较低的范围内(0.2株/hm2);在沙县,采用飞机喷洒菌剂对马尾松松材线虫病的防治效果不明显,这可能与下雨有关,降低了松褐天牛接触Smal-007生防菌剂的机会。[结论]喷洒Smal-007生防菌剂对防控马尾松松材线虫病具有稳定的效果,明显降低了当地病害大流行的概率,是维护当地马尾松林健康生长的重要措施之一。

[Objective]To investigate the stability of smal-007 biocontrol agent against pine wood nematode.[Method]A 6-year follow-up and analysis on the incidence of Pinus massoniana after spraying Smal-007 biocontrol agent during 2014 and 2015 was conducted.[Result]In Meilie District,pine wood nematode disease was effectively controlled by manual application of Smal-007.During 2017 and 2018,the number of dead Pinus massoniana per unit area in spraying area increased while it was significantly lower than that in control area(P<0.05),and showed a decreasing trend in 2019.In Sanyuan District,spraying biological control agent by aircraft can reduce the number of dead pine trees per unit area(hm2),the number of wilting and dead pine trees was kept in a low range(0.2/hm2)from 2016 to 2019.In Sha County,light aircraft spraying with Smal-007 was less effective against pine wood nematode disease,it may have something to do with the rain that day,and reduced the exposure of Monochamus alternatus to Smal-007.[Conclusion]Spraying Smal-007 biocontrol agent has a stable effect on controlling pine wood nematode disease of Pinus massoniana,which can reduce the probability of local disease epidemic effectively and is one of the important measures to maintain the healthy growth of local pine forest.