吕梁山连片贫困区南部水资源实物量表特征

Characteristics of water resources in the southern part of the Lyuliang Mountainous Poverty-stricken Area

为实现区域水资源的优化配置及区域经济、社会和水资源的协调持续发展,查明区域水资源实物量,选取水资源生态极为脆弱的吕梁山连片贫困区的南部地区,基于2008-2017年的水资源数据,编制区域水资源实物量表,分析水资源实物量的时空分布特征。结果表明:(1)吕梁山南部贫困区水资源实物存量在研究期内呈明显增加趋势,增长值(含重复计算量)高达6101×10^(4)m^(3),其中地表水实物存量期间增长最快,地下水实物存量期间增长较慢;第一产业用水增加明显,这与区域高耗水的经果林大面积推广种植有关。(2)居民生活用水增长明显,人均生活用水量增加较快,居民生活用水是当地水资源实物存量变化的主要影响因素。(3)研究区各县水资源实物量空间分布差异大,县域间水资源平均存量最大相差3971.4 m^(3);单位面积平均水资源存量及单位面积平均水资源实际使用量均为隰县最多,吉县最少;隰县人均生活用水量最多,汾西县人均生活用水量最少。(4)实际用水量与水资源总量相关程度高,水资源的存量在一定程度上制约了水资源的实际使用量。研究结果对于区域水资源优化配置及吕梁山连片贫困区早日实现脱贫攻坚具有重要的科学指导意义。

In order to realize the optimal allocation of regional water resources and the coordinated and sustainable development of regional economy, society and water resources,and to ascertain the physical quantity of regional water resources, this paper chose the southern part of the Lyuliang Mountainous Contiguous Poverty-stricken Area, where the water resources ecology is extremely fragile, as a case study. Based on the actual water resources data from2008 to 2017, we compiled the regional water resources physical quantity and analyzed the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of water resources. The results show that:(1) The physical quantity of water resources in the study area showed a significant increasing trend during the study period, with the growth value(including their duplicate) as high as 6101×10^(4)m^(3). During the study period, the physical stock of surface water increased fast, while the physical stock of groundwater increased slowly. The water consumption in the primary industry increased significantly, which was caused by large-scale promotion of high-water-consumption fruit trees in the region;(2) Residents’ water consumption increased significantly, and the per capita water consumption increased rapidly. Residents’ water consumption is the main factor affecting the physical stock of local water resources.(3) A larger difference in spatial distribution of water resources can be observed in the study area. The average stock of water resources between counties differs by a maximum of 3971.4 m^(3);the average water resources per unit area and the actual use of water resources per unit area are the highest in Xixian county, but the lowest in Jixian county. The per capita living water consumption is the highest in Xixian county, while the per capita living water consumption is the least in Fenxi county.(4) There is a high correlation between actual water consumption and total water resources, and the stock of water resources restricts the actual use of water resources to a certain extent. The results of this study have important scientific guiding significance for the optimal allocation of regional water resources and the realization of poverty alleviation in contiguous povertystricken areas of the Lyuliang Mountains.