世界秩序的变革:从霸权到包容性多边主义

The Change of World Order:From Hegemony to Inclusive Multilateralism

百年大变局最重要的一个变化是美国霸权秩序的结束,美国依然是实力最强的国家,但作为全球霸权国的地位已经不复存在,霸权作为一种世界秩序随之亦告终结。虽然两极成为当下的热门话语,但两极格局形成的基本物质性和制度性条件并不存在,二元对立的撕裂世界更不具合法性基础,也不被中美两个国家所接受,以两极对抗为主轴的世界秩序难以形成。一个多元世界的时代正在开始,多极权力格局、多层制度安排、多维思想理念是其典型特征。多元世界以包容性多边主义作为基本的秩序形态,包括以多边国际制度维护世界和平与发展、通过政策协调达成国际合作、平衡国家利益和全球利益以保护全球公地。

One of the greatest changes in today’s world is the end of American hegemonic order.The United States is still the most powerful country in the world,but its predominant status as the hegemonic power is over.Gone with it is hegemony as an order of the world.Although a heated discussion is under way concerning a bipolar world order,it is unlikely because there are few material and institutional conditions that would satisfy a bipolarity.Furthermore,a world artificially torn apart is legitimately groundless and international society,including China and the United States,will not accept such a definition of the world.The post-hegemonic world is one of plurality,with a multipolar power structure,a multi-layered pattern of governance,and a multi-dimensional distribution of ideas.A plural world calls for an inclusive multilateralism,featured with multilateral institutions to build and maintain peace and promote development,coordination of multi-actors to reach international cooperation,and balance of global and national interests to protect the global commons.