核酸适配体药物的研究进展

Research Progress of Aptamer Drugs

核酸适配体(Aptamer)通常是利用指数富集的配体系统进化技术,从核酸分子库中筛选得到的寡核苷酸片段,能够与其靶标特异性结合。核酸适配体可用作药物,核酸适配体特异性结合其靶标如蛋白质、多肽、小分子等,从而抑制其生物学功能,影响其活性,达到治疗疾病的效果。近年来,核酸适配体药物应用于眼部疾病、肿瘤、血液类疾病、心血管类疾病等诸多领域。本文对已进入临床期或上市的多种核酸适配体药物进行综述,期望为后续核酸适配体药物研发、临床试验等提供参考。

Aptamer is an oligonucleotide fragment selected from the nucleic acid molecular library by systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment(SELEX).Aptamer can be used as drugs,it also can bind to its target specifically,such as proteins,peptides,and small molecules.Aptamer can inhibit the biological function of the target,affect its activity,and ultimately treat the diseases.In recent years,aptamer drugs have been used in many fields such as eye diseases,tumors,blood and cardiovascular diseases.We have summarized aptamer drugs entering the clinical stage,hoping to provide some references for the subsequent research and clinical trials of aptamer drugs.