长三角城市旅游专业化水平对旅游全要素生产率的影响效应

The Effect of Tourism Specialization Level on Tourism Total Factor Productivity in Yangtze River Delta Cities

综合采用DEA-Malmquist指数模型、GIS空间分析及GMM动态面板回归等方法探讨了长三角地区城市旅游专业化水平对旅游全要素生产率的影响效应.结果表明:2001—2017年,长三角地区城市旅游专业化水平由低值集聚的“倒山”字型向“南高北低”空间格局推进,旅游全要素生产率由负向增长的“入”字型分布格局提升至正向促进的“均衡”状态;动态面板回归结果显示旅游专业化水平对旅游全要素生产率表现为明显倒“U”型曲线关系,且倒“U”型曲线拐点为4.89;经济发展水平、交通发展水平、信息化水平和产业结构对旅游全要素生产率具有显著正向影响,而旅游资源禀赋、市场化程度及城镇化水平抑制旅游全要素生产率的提升.

Using DEA-Malmquist index model,GIS spatial analysis method and GMM dynamic panel regression model,the paper explores the effect of tourism specialization level on tourism total factor productivity in Yangtze River Delta Cities.The results are listed as follows.Firstly,from 2001 to 2017,tourism specialization level in Yangtze River Delta Cities has been promoted from the“inverted mountain”pattern of low-value agglomeration to the spatial pattern of“high in the south and low in the north”,while tourism total factor productivity has been promoted from the“in”pattern of negative growth to the“equilibrium”state of positive promotion.Secondly,the regression results of dynamic panel show that the relationship between tourism specialization level and tourism total factor productivity is obviously inverted“U”curve,and the inflection point of the inverted“U”curve is 4.89.Thirdly,when the level of overall economy,transportation,informatization and industrial structure improves,tourism total factor productivity gets promoted,whereas when the level of endowment of tourism resources,marketization and urbanization improved,tourism total factor productivity will not raise.