零价铁与微生物耦合修复地下水的研究进展

Research progress of zero-valent-iron microbial coupled system in remediating contaminated groundwater.

主要总结了零价铁与微生物耦合体系修复污染地下水的作用效能与机制,介绍了零价铁与微生物耦合体系中零价铁的和微生物的主要来源及特征,总结了该耦合技术对地下水中氯代烃、重金属以及硝酸盐的去除效能、作用机制以及产物,由于零价铁与微生物之间的协同作用,相较于单一体系,耦合体系对多种污染物的去除效率具有明显的优势,且耦合体系中污染物的去除产物更加无害化.此外,从材料本身与环境因子两个方面概述了零价铁与微生物耦合体系降解效率的影响因素,阐明了零价铁与微生物之间的交互作用机制.零价铁的毒性作用和刺激作用对微生物的生长与群落变化起到了重要作用,同时微生物的存在影响了零价铁的电子传递与钝化产物的构成.最后,提出了零价铁与微生物耦合体系的未来研究需求,总结了该技术的优势与不足,有利于该技术在地下水修复中的高效应用.

This article mainly reviewed the performance and mechanism of zero-valent iron and microbial coupling system for remediation of contaminated groundwater,introduced the main sources and characteristics of ZVI and microorganisms used in the ZVI-BIO coupled system,and summarized the efficiency,mechanism and products of ZVI-BIO coupled technology for removing chlorinated hydrocarbons,heavy metals(Me)and nitrate in groundwater.Because of the synergistic effect between zero-valent iron and microorganism,compared with a single system,ZVI-BIO coupled system showed obvious advantages for the removal of multiple pollutants,and the final products of the contaminants are more harmless.In addition,the influence factors(including the reactive materials and the environmental factors)of the coupled system were discussed,and the interaction mechanism between zero-valent iron and microorganisms was clarified,the toxicity and stimulation of zero-valent iron play an important role in the growth and community change of microorganisms,and the presence of microorganisms affects the electron transport of zero-valent iron and the composition of corrosion products.Finally,the future research needs were proposed to better understand the advantages and disadvantages of this technology,which is conducive to the efficient application of this technology in groundwater remediation.