蛋白质赖氨酸乳酸化修饰及其在脂肪组织免疫代谢中的作用

Role of protein lysine lactylation and its prospect in adipose tissue immunometabolism

乳酸作为细胞糖酵解的终产物,在细胞代谢过程中发挥重要作用。作为信号分子,乳酸在癌症、神经发育、脂肪细胞代谢中也具有重要功能。上述这些研究主要集中在乳酸的代谢和信号传递功能。最新研究揭示,乳酸可以作为蛋白质翻译后修饰的底物,促进组蛋白赖氨酸乳酸化的发生,调控M1型巨噬细胞向M2型转变。巨噬细胞作为肥胖过程中脂肪组织内变化显著的免疫细胞,其是否受到乳酸化修饰的调节有待于进一步研究。本文对已有的乳酸调控细胞代谢、细胞信号传递以及免疫细胞功能的报道进行了总结,并对乳酸化修饰在肥胖诱导的脂肪组织炎症中可能发挥的作用进行了展望。

As the end product of cell glycolysis, lactate plays an important role in the process of cell metabolism. Lactate also plays an important role in cancer, neurodevelopment and adipocyte metabolism as a signal molecule. These studies mainly focus on the metabolism and signal transduction of lactate. The latest researches have revealed that lactate can act as a substrate for post-translational modification, promote the occurrence of histone lysine lactylation, and regulate the transformation of M1 macrophages into M2 macrophages. As immune cells with significant changes during obesity, whether macrophages in adipose tissue are regulated by protein lysine lactylation remains to be studied. This review summarized the existing researches on the regulation of cell metabolism and cell signaling by lactate as well as its functions in immune cells, and finally gave a promising outlook to the role of histone lactylation in obesity-induced adipose tissue inflammation.