红外光谱辐射计探测器高阶非线性响应校正方法

High-order nonlinear response correction method for infrared radiation detector

针对傅里叶变换红外光谱辐射计辐射定标需要黑体辐射面充满仪器视场的技术特点,分析了由于入射光子流较高导致红外探测器产生非线性响应误差的机理.通过仿真包含非线性误差的黑体辐射数据,研究了非线性误差对光谱产生的影响,并根据卷积和交叉迭代两种校正方法,提出了适合校正高阶非线性响应误差的迭代方法—梯度下降法.利用傅里叶变换红外光谱辐射计进行辐射定标实验,对比卷积、交叉迭代和梯度下降法三种校正方法的效果,结果显示三种校正方法均可有效减小非线性误差,分别使拟合优度提高了0.15%,0.29%和0.39%,梯度下降法校正后的光谱数据更为准确.

The infrared detector can generate nonlinear response error when the Fourier transform infrared spectrometer is used for implementing the radiometric calibration or observing the high temperature targets.Based on the relationship between the incident radiation intensity and the electron concentration in the optical conduction band,the mechanism of the nonlinear response error caused by the high incident photon flow is analyzed.According to Planck radiation law and interference principle,the effect of nonlinear error on spectrum is studied by simulating blackbody radiation data with nonlinear error.It is found that the nonlinear response with a different order has a different influence region,and the higher-order nonlinear response has a wider influence range and generates a larger nonlinear response error.By the general nonlinear response correction method the nonlinear response coefficient is obtained through constructing the nonlinear response model of the interference data and then the spectral distortion produced by the detector is corrected.According to the convolution iteration method,the polar orbit meteorological satellite CrIS constructs the convolution equation to correct the second-order nonlinear response by taking the low-wave number band of 50-500 cm–1 as the characteristic region.The European Meteorological Agency’s Airborne Infrared Interferometer Evaluation System(ARIES)selected two feature areas,50-500 cm–1 and 2000-2500 cm–1,and iteratively corrected the second-order and third-order nonlinear response.The gradient descent method is often used to solve the optimization problems of unconstrained multivariate functions.Based on the gradient descent algorithm,an iterative method suitable for correcting the high-order nonlinear response errors is proposed in this paper.In this method,the information about the iteration point is obtained by constructing the nonlinear response function of the high-order detector and setting the appropriate iteration initialization.According to the initial value of the iteration and the information about the known iteration point,the gradient of the iteration variable is calculated to determine the iteration value of the next unknown variable,thus quickly searching for the global minimum point and determining the nonlinear response coefficient.We use Fourier transform infrared spectrometer to carry out radiometric calibration experiment and compare the effects of three correction methods:convolution,cross iteration and gradient descent method.The results show that the three correction methods can effectively reduce the nonlinear error,and improve the fitting extent by 0.15%,0.29%and 0.39%respectively.The spectral data corrected by gradient descent method are more accurate.