新疆乌昌石城市群地下水多重水质评价

Multiple groundwater quality evaluation of Urumqi-Changji-Shihezi city agglomeration in Xinjiang

以新疆乌昌石城市群2016年采集的88组浅层地下水水样测试结果为基础,采用单因子评价法、内梅罗指数法、改进内梅罗指数法和模糊综合评价法等多种水质评价方法对地下水进行质量评价,对比分析了不同方法的有效性,并结合各方法特点采用综合权重法确定最终水质类别,以期得到更加可靠的结果,最后利用地理信息系统(GIS)技术对评价结果进行空间分析以此来实现水质评价结果的可视化。结果表明:内梅罗指数法与改进内梅罗指数法契合度达到61.4%为最高值;研究区浅层地下水水质整体较好,Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ类水的样本数占样品总数的54.6%、26.1%、13.6%、5.7%,无Ⅰ类水;水质的整体分布规律为:Ⅱ、Ⅲ类水分布较广,从研究区西部石河子市到东部阜康市及东南部乌鲁木齐市皆有分布,Ⅳ、Ⅴ类水主要分布在乌鲁木齐市、阜康市、呼图壁县。

Based on the test results of 88 sets of shallow groundwater samples collected in 2016 in Urumqi-Changji-Shihezi city agglomeration,Xinjiang,a variety of water quality evaluations including single factor evaluation method,Nemerow index evaluation method,improved Nemerow index evaluation method and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method were used to evaluate the quality of groundwater.The effectiveness of different methods was compared and analyzed.Combined with the characteristics of each evaluation method,a comprehensive weighting method was used to determine the final water quality category in order to obtain more reliable results.Finally,we used geographic information system(GIS)technology to perform spatial analysis on the evaluation results to realize the visualization of groundwater quality evaluation results.The results show that the consistency between the Nemerow index evaluation method and the improved Nemerow index evaluation method reaches the highest value of 61.4%.The shallow groundwater quality in the study area is generally good,the number of samples of grades Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,and Ⅴ groundwater in the total number of samples account for 54.6%,26.1%,13.6%,and 5.7%respectively,without grade Ⅰ groundwater.The overall distribution of water quality is:grades Ⅱ and Ⅲ groundwaters are widely distributed,from Shihezi City in the western part of the study area to Fukang City in the east and Urumqi City in the southeast;gradesⅣandⅤgroundwaters are mainly distributed in Urumqi City,Fukang City,and Hutubi county.