“无人机夜间巡航”的隐喻:论刚性环境治理及其价值向度

The Metaphor of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle : On the Value Dimension of the Character of Rigid Environmental Governance

隐喻的重要功能在于揭示各类事物之间的内部联系与尚未言说的意义。环保部门"无人机夜间巡航"已成为环境治理体系中的巡视利器,如将其中的"夜间"、"无人"机、"空中"巡航等要素作为喻体,其所建构的隐喻图景恰好映射了企业偷排、人的执法效能(治理能力)、"中央—地方"环保权力结构(治理体系)等纷繁的本体事物之间内在的统一性。其多重内涵为构建刚性环境治理提供了方法论视角,也为人、技术与制度间的法哲学之思植入了形象的素材。无人机在环境治理中取得的实效主要来自于精准取证、客观执法与超然的监管地位,这正是刚性环境治理的价值向度。以此为价值遵循改革环境监管体制,能有效地破解环保领域企业间的"囚徒困境"与地方政府间的"底线竞争"。

The important functions of "metaphor" lie in revealing the internal relation all kinds of existence and their unstated meanings. The "night cruise of unmanned aerial vehicle" conducted by the central environmental protection departments has become the effective means of inspection in the comprehensive ecological improvement. From the perspective of metaphor, the words such as "at night", "unmanned" and "cruise" can reflect the "covert unity" between "enterprises discharging pollutant without permission", "enforcement effectiveness of man" and ""central-local power structure in environment protection" as noumena, providing the methodology perspective to analyze the innate malady of environmental protection law enforcement, and adding materials to the philosophy thinking of law between man, technology and systems as well. Through analysis in the view of metaphor, we can find that the actual effect achieving by using UAV in environmental improvement result in its accuracy in obtaining evidence, objectivity in law enforcement and "vertical regulation", which can break the obstacles in the enterprises’ "prisoner’s dilemma" and the local governments’ "bottom line competition" in environmental improvement. And accuracy, objectivity and detaching are the values constructing the rigid character in comprehensive ecological improvement.