心理资本、宽恕倾向与老年人晚发性抑郁症的关系

Correlation of psychological capital,forgiveness trait and late-onset depression in older adults

目的探讨老年人心理资本、宽恕倾向与晚发性抑郁症的关系,为老年人心理健康维护和晚发性抑郁症治疗提供参考依据。方法以方便取样法选取2018年12月~2020年1月联勤保障部队第九〇四医院130例晚发性抑郁症患者(研究组)和118名健康老年人(对照组),施测老年人心理资本问卷、Hearland宽恕量表、汉密尔顿抑郁量表,对数据进行独立样本t检验、Pearson积差相关分析、多元回归分析、结构方程模型等统计学处理。结果研究组的老年人心理资本问卷、Hearland宽恕量表各因子分显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=-11.79~-5.15,P <0.05)。研究组老年人心理资本问卷、Hearland宽恕量表大部分因子与汉密尔顿抑郁量表各维度显著负相关(r=-0.391~-0.180,P <0.05)。影响研究组抑郁因素的多元回归分析表明,自我效能、自我宽恕对研究组老年人汉密尔顿抑郁量表评分有显著预测作用(B=-0.374、-0.376,P <0.01),分别可解释因变量变异的19.0%、9.7%。老年人晚发性抑郁症与心理资本、宽恕倾向的结构方程模型的主要拟合指数为:χ2/df=2.466,GFI=0.911,AGFI=0.934,CFI=0.958,RMSEA=0.059 <0.08,SRMR=0.023 <0.05。结论老年人心理资本对晚发性抑郁有显著预测作用,宽恕倾向在老年人心理资本对晚发性抑郁之间起中介作用。

Objective To explore the relationship between psychological capital,forgiveness trait and late-onset depression in the elder adults for providing scientific basis of their mental health maintenance and treatment for late-onset depression. Methods130 patients with late-onset depression(study group)and 118 healthy elder adults(control group)who recruited by convenient sampling were investigated by the Elder’s Psychological Capital Questionnaire(EPCQ),Hearland’s Forgiveness Scale(HFS),Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD)and independent sample t-test,Pearson’s product-moment correlation analysis,multiple regression analysis,structure equation modeling were employed for datum processing. Results The factor scores of EPCQ and HFS in the case group were significantly lower than those of the control group(t=-11.79 ~-5.15,P < 0.05).It was found that most factors of EPCQ and HFS were negatively correlated with dimensions of HAMD(P =-0.391 ~-0.180,P < 0.05 or 0.01).The multiple regression analysis showed that self-efficacy and self-forgiveness had predictive effects on the score of HAMD in the case group(B=-0.374、-0.376,P < 0.01),which could explain 19.0% and 9.7% of the variation,respectively.Main fit indices of structural equation model for elder adults’ late-onset depression and psychological capital,forgiveness trait were as follows:χ2/df=2.466,GFI=0.911,AGFI=0.934,CFI =0.958,RMSEA =0.059 < 0.08,SRMR =0.023 < 0.05. Conclusion Psychological capital in the elder adults has a significant predictive effect on late-onset depression,and forgiveness trait plays mediating effect between psychological capital and late-onset depression.