居家老年髋部骨折照护者专业化照护需求及影响因素分析

Analysis of professional needs of care among home caregivers of elderly hip fracture and its influencing factors

目的探讨居家老年髋部骨折照护者专业化照护需求及影响因素。方法采用方便抽样法,抽取解放军总医院出院6个月内的63例老年髋部骨折患者及其照护者为调查对象。应用自制一般资料调查表、居家照护者需求量表展开调查。结果居家老年髋部骨折照护者专业化照护需求总分为(14.54±1.84)分,后续医疗服务维度总分为(3.65±0.83)分,照护相关医疗信息维度总分为(6.71±0.92)分,社会服务维度总分为(3.00±1.00)分,心理支持服务维度总分为(1.22±0.63)分。多元逐步回归分析结果显示,患者自理能力(B=0.854)、合并内科疾病情况(B=0.510)、居家照护者个人月收入(B=-0.609)、与患者同住情况(B=1.003)是居家照护者专业化照护需求的主要影响因素(P <0.05)。结论居家老年髋部骨折照护者专业化照护需求是多方面的,建议医护人员从照护者对疾病相关知识、康复指导、社会支持、心理支持需求等角度,给予专业支持,减少其照护压力,提高患者的照护质量。

Objective To explore professional needs of care and influencing factors among the home caregivers of elderly people with hip fracture.Methods 63 cases who discharged in 6 months were selected and investigated by using general questionnaire and home caregivers’ need scale.Results The home caregivers’ needs score was(14.54 ± 1.84),Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that self-care ability(b=0.854),comorbidity with medical diseases(b= 0.510),personal monthly income of family caregivers(b =-0.609)and living with patients(b =1.003)were the main influencing factors(P < 0.05).Conclusion The professional care needs are multifaceted. It is suggested that medical workers should provide professional support to home caregivers from the perspective of disease-related knowledge,rehabilitation guidance,social support and psychological support needs,so as to reduce the nursing pressure and improve the caring quality.