学校体育督导组织实施、困境与破解:基于第三方评估的视角

Implementation Process,Dilemma and Solution of School Sports Supervision:Based on the Perspectives of The third-party Evaluation

学校体育督导按照教育“管办评”分离的要求,积极引入第三方,实施多元主体参与的评估机制,有效解决了“主体单一、权力集中、自卖自夸”等问题。运用文献资料、专家访谈、逻辑分析等研究方法,对学校体育督导第三方评估的组织实施、现实困境及破解路径进行研究。(1)第三方评估机构包括独立机构和半独立机构两种;实施主体有高校专家、中介组织、社会民众三类;实施内容含督政、督学、评估监测三位一体;实施过程体现在准备、实施、反馈三个阶段。(2)现实困境主要有组织机构权威弱化,管理倾向明显,行政依附显著,第三方的独立性不足;督导程序机械,评估指标死板,科学性、合理性有待提高;专业人才匮乏,社会参与不足,指导性、服务性乏力;行业自律不够,监督监管不到位等。(3)破解路径体现在增强顶层统筹、市场协同、社会参与的培育扶持路径;规范信用评估、资质审查、内部自律的行业约束路径;强化政府督查、行业自查、线上线下的监督监管路径;加强政府主导、教育配合、学校请缨的沟通协同路径。

According to the requirement of separation of management,schooling and evaluation of education,school sports supervision actively introduces the third party and implements the evaluation mechanism of multi-subject participation,which effectively solves the problems of single subject,centralized power and self-praise.This paper used the method of literature review,expert interview and logic analysis to research the implementation process,practical difficulties and crack paths of the third-party evaluation of school sports supervision.1)The third-party evaluation institutions include independent institutions and semi independent institutions;There are three types of implementation subjects:university experts,intermediary organizations and the public;The implementation content includes three parts:supervision of government,supervision of school,evaluation and monitoring;The implementation process are embodied in three stages:preparation,implementation and feedback.2)The practical difficulties are the weakening of the authority of the organization,the obvious management tendency,the obvious administrative dependence,the lack of independence of the third party;The supervision procedure is mechanical,the evaluation index is rigid,the scientific nature and rationality need to be improved;The lack of professional personnel,the lack of social participation,the lack of guidance and service;The self-discipline of the industry Not enough,supervision is not in place,and so on.3)The path of cracking is embodied in the path of cultivation and support for improving top-level overall planning,market coordination and social participation;The path of the industry restriction for standardizing credit evaluation,qualification examination and internal self-discipline;The path of supervision for strengthening government supervision,industry self inspection,online and offline;The path of the communication and coordination for strengthening government led,educational coordination and school petition.