社会急救服务体系的建设经验——"宝安模式"之按需培训

Experience in the construction of social first aid service system:the on-demand training of"Baoan Mode"

目前我国缺乏规范的急救培训模式,如何针对有限的培训资源,有计划地合理统筹安排急救培训普及工作是我国社会急救体系建设中的重要课题。在深圳市宝安区政府的主导下,推进社会急救网格化管理"宝安模式",取得了较好的成效。"宝安模式"急救体系的特点为"政府主导,部门合作,专家指引,科技支撑,社会参与",能有效缩短急救半径,获得急诊医学界、媒体和政府的一致认可。社会公众急救"按需培训"就是采用科学的方法明确各地区社会公众急救培训需求,进而组织实施的符合当地社会现况的急救知识和技能的培训,具体措施包括:①建立当地心搏骤停数据库;②分析心搏骤停数据库,明确培训目标人群和内容;③建立本地社会公众急救培训登记管理系统。在我国现有国情下,"按需培训"有助于合理利用培训资源,有计划地统筹安排社会公众急救培训。本文根据作者所在研究团队发起的"宝安模式"经验,针对社会急救培训中"按需培训"理论进行阐述,旨在为中国社会急救培训体系建设提供参考。

At present there is a lack of standardized first-aid training mode in China.It is an important issue in the construction of social first aid system that how to arrange the first aid training and popularization in a planned and reasonable way according to the limited training resources.Under the guidance of Shenzhen City Baoan District government,the"Baoan Mode"of social emergency grid management has been promoted and achieved good results.The characteristics of"Baoan Mode"emergency system are"government leading,department cooperation,expert guidance,science and technology support,and social participation",and it could effectively shortened the emergency radius.As a result,the"Baoan Mode"was unanimously approved by the emergency medicine,media and government.The public first-aid"on-demand training"is to adopt scientific methods to identify the needs of public first aid training in various regions,and then organize and implement training of first aid knowledge and skills in line with the current situation of local society.The pecific measures include①establishing a local cardiac arrest database;②analyzing the cardiac arrest database to clarify the target population and content of the training;③establishing the local public training registration management system.In China's current national conditions,on-demand training is conducive to the rational use of training resources,a planned and reasonable arrangement of public first-aid training.Based on the experience of"Baoan Mode"initiated by the research team of the authors,this paper discusses the"demand training"theory in social first-aid training,aiming to provide reference for the construction of social first-aid training system in China at present.