悬浮隧道实验工程研究

Experimental engineering research on submerged floating tunnel

悬浮隧道借助水的浮力承载,是跨越更深和更宽水域的绿色桥梁,是连接未来漂浮城市与岛屿和大陆之间的通道,是地球可持续问题的工程解决方案的关键一环。然而,世界至今尚未建成一例。随着全球气候变暖、海平面加速上升与人口持续增长,建造实验工程的意义渐显重大。文中首次系统、全面地提出了悬浮隧道实验工程的建造方法,选址在弱水动力环境的内陆湖,采用单车道、长度近1.8 km的锚缆式悬浮隧道作为实验工程的建造对象。以绿色、简单、可靠的施工和构造为目标,创新建造方法:1)双坞门布置实现管体干环境预制与整体漂浮寄存;2)沉井作为软土地层岸边接头,确保隧道管体在岸边牢固“生根”;3)管体与两岸的可靠水中对接方法;4)去大型设备-可周转-环境友好的漂浮设施用于临时施工;5)混凝土块+压舱水组合以适应安装阶段重量体系转换。此外,概念设计考虑了水下施工的高容错性和结构体系运营期的高冗余性,基本计算结果表明了对该方案的支持。

The Submerged Floating Tunnel(SFT)uses buoyancy as its load-bearing mechanism.The SFT is a kind of bridge that will span longer and deeper waterbody;it can connect the future floating city and floating island to the mainland;it can be a critical technic to provide sustainable engineering solution for the planet.However,it is yet to build one.With global warming,the accelerated sea rising and the everlasting population growth,the significance of creating an experimental engineering project is becoming more and more important.In this paper,for the first time,a systematical and comprehensive construction method of the experimental project of SFT was proposed,taking the subject of a single lane,approximately.1.8 km long anchor-type SFT in an imagined inland lake of weak hydrodynamic environment.The construction methodology aims at green,simple and reliable construction and structure,innovation construction methods are as follows:1)the arrangement of double dock gate can realize the prefabrication of tube in dry environment and the overall floating storage;2)using open caisson in the soft layer as shore connection to ensure that the tube firmly"takes root"on the shore;3)reliable connection methodology of the tube and the shore on both ends;4)large-facility-free,recycle-able,and environmental-friendly,temporary work floating facilities;5)concrete blocks and ballast water are combined to adapt to the weight system transform during installations.In addition,the concept design takes account of the high tolerance of underwater construction inaccuracy and the high redundancy of the structural system in operation period,which are support by the results of the trial calculations.