华北地区铅锌矿资源特征及成矿规律

Characteristics and metallogenic law of Pb-Zn resource in North China

华北地区铅锌矿资源丰富、类型多样,是我国铅锌矿床的重要产区。本文在总结资源禀赋、矿床类型、时空特征、主要控矿因素、资源潜力等要素基础上,较全面分析了华北地区铅锌矿的主要特征和成矿规律。研究表明,从矿床成因角度,华北地区铅锌矿可划分为岩浆热液型、碳酸盐岩—细碎屑岩型、陆相火山岩型、矽卡岩型、斑岩型、碳酸盐型等6种类型,并可划归“层控”型和“岩控”型两大类;从矿产预测角度,又可划分为26个矿产预测类型,其中以碳酸盐岩—细碎屑岩型、岩浆热液型铅锌矿最为重要。基于华北地区铅锌成矿演化规律,华北地区铅锌成矿期可划分为中元古代、早古生代、晚古生代和中生代4个主要时期,中元古代、中生代是铅锌成矿的高峰期。华北地区铅锌成矿受控于区域构造、沉积火山岩系、中酸性侵入岩等多种因素,经历了长期且复杂的构造演化,“层控”型和“岩控”型矿床的成矿环境各有不同,成矿作用特征具有明显差异。经综合评价,华北地区的铅锌成矿可划分为34个铅锌找矿远景区,显示出良好的找矿资源潜力。

The North China is abundant with Pb-Zn resources and various genetic types occur thus is an important production area of Pb,Zn in China.Based on the resource endowment,deposit type,space-time distribution,main ore controlling factors and resource potential,this paper comprehensively analyzes the main characteristics and regional metallogeny.From the perspective of ore genesis,the Pb-Zn deposits in North China can be divided into six types:magmatic hydrothermal type,carbonate-fineclastic rock type,continental volcanic type,skarn type,porphyry type and carbonate type,which can be in turn classified into“stratabound”and“rock controlled”types.From the perspective of mineral prediction,lead-zinc deposits in North China can be divided into 26 types,of which SEDEX type and magmatic hydrothermal type are the most important.According to the temporal evolution the Pb-Zn mineralization can be divided into four main stages:Mesoproterozoic,Early Paleozoic,Late Paleozoic and Mesozoic,among which the Mesoproterozoic and Mesozoic are the peak periods.The Pb-Zn mineralization is controlled by many factors,such as regional structure,sedimentary-volcanic rock series,intermediate acid intrusive rock and so on and exposed to a long time and complex tectonic evolution.The“stratabound”and“rock controlled”deposits differ in ore-forming environments with obviously different mineralization characteristics.On the basis of the evaluation of mineral resources potential,34 targets can be lineated.