走向内在主义儿童价值论

Towards the Internalist Axiology of Children

儿童价值论是关于儿童"应然性"的哲学探究,旨在探讨儿童自身的价值实现以及儿童与成人、社会和环境的关系。超越工具主义、走向内在主义,是儿童价值论的发展方向。自欧洲文艺复兴运动以后,"童年观念"开始诞生,儿童内在价值逐步得到确立,由此诞生内在主义儿童价值论。人文主义、个性主义、民主主义、存在主义等儿童价值观是内在主义儿童价值论的历史形态。尊重童年与儿童个性的内在价值,让儿童植根于关系互动之中,让儿童成为自我创造者,是内在主义儿童价值论的基本内涵。满足儿童的"不可约需要",保障儿童权利,实现儿童的"最佳利益",是儿童价值论的实践愿景。

Children’s axiology is a philosophical study on children’s"ought-to-be", which focuses on the realization of children’s values and the relationships between children and adults, societies, and environments. Going beyond instrumentalism and turning to internalismare the developmental tendency of children’s axiology. During the Renaissance in Europe, the idea of childhood was given birth, children’s intrinsic values were gradually established, and finally the internalist axiology of children came out. Humanism, individualism, democracy, and existentialism are the historical types of internalist axiology of children.Respecting the intrinsic values of childhood and individual child, rooting children into relations and interactions, and making children as self-creators are the main connotations of internalist axiology of children. Satisfying children’s"irreducible needs",guaranteeing children’s rights, and realizing children’s"best interests"are the practical visions of internalist axiology of children.