不同有机肥对沙田柚果园土壤细菌群落结构的影响

Effects of Different Organic Fertilizers on Soil Bacterial Community in Shatian Pomelo Orchard

为促进沙田柚栽培环境的人工调节,利用高通量测序技术,研究5种有机肥处理沙田柚果园土壤细菌多样性和群落结构的变化,同时对土壤主要成分进行分析。结果表明:本研究共获得OTUs总数51383个,至少涵盖了47门65纲145目287科772属的细菌。多样性分析表明,门分类水平沙田柚果园土壤细菌优势类群差异不大,变形菌门、厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门、放线菌门、绿弯菌门和酸杆菌门为沙田柚果园土壤的优势细菌类群;在属水平分析,优势菌群在不同样本中差异较大,在沼气渣处理的样本中,链球菌属丰度最高,达8.62%,花生麸处理的样本中,Chujaibacter的丰度最高,达17.97%,在猪粪处理的样本中,乳酸菌属和黄杆菌属的丰度最高,为7.83%和5.26%;在种水平的研究发现,有机肥施用降低了Pseudomonas citronellolis的相对丰度,同时有机肥施用提高了潜在益生菌Stenotrophomonas的相对丰度,粪便来源有机肥提高了3种动物性致病菌的相对丰度,冗余分析发现,75.17%的细菌群落变化可以被选取的环境因子所解释。本研究证明了有机肥的施用改变了沙田柚果园土壤的理化性质、微生物群落结构和多样性,不同有机肥对沙田柚果园土壤细菌群落结构和多样性有不同的影响。

In order to promote the artificial adjustment of the cultivation environment of Shatian pomelo,and explore the effects of different organic fertilizer treatments on soil bacterial community structure in Shatian pomelo orchard,this paper had a systematic study on the diversity and community structure changes of soil bacteria treated with five kinds of organic fertilizers by high-throughput sequencing technology,and then analyzed main components of this soil.Overall 51383 optimized reads were obtained,Bacterial species detected in these samples covered 47 phyla,65 classes,145 orders,287 families,and 722 genera.According to diversity analysis,the results showed that dominant bacteria of soil bacteria at phyla level had slightly difference,among which Proteobacteria,Firmicutes,bacteroidetes,Chioroflexi and Actinobacteria were mainly dominant bacteria of soil in Shatian pomelo orchard.In terms of the genera level analysis,advantaged bacterial community has differed significantly in different samples.That being said,in the biogas residue processing samples,Streptococcus abundance was highest at 8.62%.In peanut bran processing samples,Chujaibacter abundance was the highest at 17.97%.In the pig processing samples,Lactobacillus and Rhodanobacter had the highest abundance respectively with 7.83%and 5.26%.In terms of species level,it was found that the application of organic fertilizer reduced the relative abundance of Pseudomonas,while it increased the relative abundance of the potential probiotics Stenotrophomonas,among which the fecal organic fertilizer increased the relative abundance of three kinds of animal pathogenic bacteria.According to the redundancy analysis,it was found that 75.17%of bacterial community changes could be explained by selected environmental factors.In this study,it was suggested that the application of organic fertilizer should change the physical and chemical properties,the diversity and community composition of bacterial soil in Shatian pomelo orchard.In addition,it was proved that different organic fertilizers should have significantly different effects on the diversity and community composition of bacterial soil in Shatian pomelo orchard.