风险社会视域下单位刑事归责的困境与出路

On the Predicament and Recommendation of Criminal Liability in the Corporate Crime by Risk Society Theory

风险社会视域下",风险分配逻辑"要求单位肩负更多的社会责任,但是单位可能按照"有组织的不负责任"的规律将风险不当转移给社会。当前我国刑法面临着单位犯罪认定不周延、单位犯罪处罚不充分、单位归责基础不适当等单位刑事归责困境,这些困境亦促成了单位"有组织的不负责任"现象的形成。据此,我国刑法应当在理论与实践两个层面积极寻求出路,理论上主张组织体责任论,实践上引入企业合规计划,从而有效预防与遏制单位犯罪。

In the risk society theory,the logic of risk distribution requires the corporation to take more social responsibility.But the corporation may improperly transfer the hazards to the public in the principle of organized irresponsibility.Currently,the conviction of corporate crimes in China faces barriers of responsibility distribution for the inclusive conviction,insufficient penalty,unstable legal basis,etc,which induces the organized irresponsibility.Therefore,Chinese criminal legislation should solve the problem in both theoretical and practical aspects.In theory it should advocate organizational liability and in proceeding it should introduce compliance program so as to effectively prevent and deter corporate crimes.