基于GIS的喀斯特地区聚落水平空间演变特征研究——以毕节市为例

Research on the Horizontal Spatial Evolution Characteristics of Settlements in Karst Areas Based on GIS--An Example of Bijie City,Guizhou Province

指出了喀斯特地区聚落空间演变有着显著的空间分布特征,是体现喀斯特地区人地关系的一种形式,也是探讨喀斯特地区发展的重要议题。以贵州毕节市为案例地,基于2000~2015年遥感影像提取贵州毕节市聚落数据,基于GIS叠加分析了功能研究区聚落水平空间演变。结果表明:①2000~2015年期间,区域内各县关联维数值呈增加趋势,聚落在水平空间分布逐渐分散,聚落间相互作用越来越小,相关性弱;②2000~2015年期间,研究区聚落密度增加,聚落向各县城镇地区聚集并向各县城镇地区范围外延伸的趋势;③2000~2015年期间,区域内8个县聚落重心存在不同程度偏移,其中七星关区偏移最大,纳雍县聚落重心偏移距离最小。

The spatial evolution of settlements in karst areas has significant spatial distribution characteristics,which is a form of man-land relationship in karst areas and is an important topic for exploring the development of karst areas.Taking Bijie City in Guizhou as a case site,the settlement data of Bijie City in Guizhou Province was extracted based on remote sensing images from 2000 to 2015,and the horizontal spatial evolution of settlements in the area was studied based on the GIS overlay function.The results show that:①During 2000~2015,the value of the correlation dimension of each county in the region showed an increasing trend.The distribution of settlements in the horizontal space gradually dispersed.The interaction between settlements became smaller and smaller,and the correlation was weak;②During 2000~2015,as the settlement density in the study area increases,the settlements tended to gather in the urban areas of each county and extended beyond the urban areas of each county;③During 2000~2015,the settlements centers of 8 counties in the region shifted to varying degrees,of which the Qixingguan area shifted the most.The settlements in Nayong County had the smallest deviation from the center of gravity.