红树林湿地生态功能及其价值研究文献学分析

Literature Analysis Concerning Studies of Ecological Functions and Values of Mangrove Wetland

红树林生长于海洋与陆地的动态交界面,特殊的生长环境赋予其独特而强大的生态功能。采用文献检索法和追溯法分析国内外红树林湿地生态功能研究的进展和现状,将相关研究归纳为“综合性研究”与“单项生态功能研究”两种,“综合性研究”关注生物多样性保持与净化功能,“单项生态功能研究”较重视旅游文化价值与固碳价值。红树林生态功能价值评价方法的比较表明,参数法、市场价格法、替代法更为常用,支付意愿法和生态模型法较少。其中,参数法简单易用但可靠性低,市场价格法在其适用范围内效果很好但适用范围窄,替代法使用的替代标准合理选取不易,支付意愿法简便易行但主观性较强,生态模型法结果最稳定,是红树林生态功能价值研究的发展趋势,但存在基础数据不足的问题。目前,国内外红树林生态功能价值研究存在缺乏生态整体观念和基础生态数据以及评估方法不完善等问题,展望了红树林湿地研究发展趋势,为红树林生态功能及其价值评价研究提供参考依据。

The special habitat at the dynamic interface between the sea and the land enables mangroves to generate unique and powerful ecological functions.The study has analyzed status and advancements with regard to the foreign and domestic research of mangrove wetland functions,by means of searches and retrospects for the related literature.The literature were grouped into“comprehensive”and“single function”.It is shown that the comprehensive studies were focused mostly on the functions of biodiversity maintenance and purification,and the single function studies were increasingly highlighted tourism-and-culture and carbon-fixation values.Comparisons of methods used for valuation of ecological functions of mangrove indicated that parameter method,marketing pricing method,substitute method are more frequently used whereas willingness to pay method and ecological model method are less used.Specifically,the parameter method is used easily but has relatively low reliability,the marketing pricing method is very suitable within limited range,the substitute method is not easy to chose appropriate substitution criteria,the willingness to pay method can be practised conveniently but subjectively,and the ecological model method displayed a high stability,representing a trend of studies on mangrove wetland functions and values,however,this is subject to the lack of basic data.In conclusion,some problems,including the overlook of ecological holism,paucity of the basic data and inadequacy of evaluation methods.Prospects of the studies of ecological functions and values of mangrove wetland were discussed,providing a basis for future studies.