三元催化器损坏的批量分析

Postmortem Analysisfor Abatch of Three-way Catalyst Converter

随着三元催化器在乘用车上的广泛使用,三元催化器引起的车辆后处理系统故障并不鲜见。本文通过与整车厂合作,批量分析了售后市场返回的135件三元催化器故障件,对故障类型进行分类后,有针对性的对部分故障零件进行了实验室分析。证明了三元催化器的损坏主要来自催化器封装缺陷、中毒和高温失火。其中催化器中毒和高温失火烧熔在前级催化剂较容易发生,而后级催化器的损坏大多来自封装缺陷造成的机械损坏。

With the widely use of three-way catalysts in passenger cars,failures caused by three-way catalysts are common.Throughacooperation with OEM,this article analyzes 135 pieces of three-way catalytic converters returned from the after-sales market.After classifying the types of failures,we conducted laboratory analysis on some of the failed parts.It is proved that the damage of the three-way catalyst mainly comes from the defects of the catalyst canning,the poisoning fromgasoline and the high temperatureexposure.Poisoning and melting are more likely to happen in closecouple catalyst,and mechanical damage caused by packaging defectsusuallyhappenedonunderfloor catalyst.