“海大1号”摇臂式波浪发电装置水动力性能研究

Research on hydrodynamic performance of“Haida 1”rocker type wave power generator

浮子的水动力性能是影响波浪发电装置一级能量转换效率的重要因素,为了提高浮子的取能效率,开展浮子的水动力性能研究非常必要。文章以自主研发的“海大1号”摇臂式波浪发电装置为研究对象,基于三维势流理论,推导出浮子在线性规则波作用下的的运动方程,并利用CFD水动力仿真软件分析了不同形状浮子的水动力性能,从而确定了浮子的最优形状;在最优浮子形状的基础上,进一步研究了波长与浮子尺寸关系对浮子水动力性能的影响;用1:1物理模型试验验证了仿真试验结果的正确性,并测得不同波长与浮子尺寸比下浮子的取能效率;最后得出结论:浮子的最优形状为圆柱体+球的混合体,波长与浮子之间的最优关系是波长与浮子尺寸之比为4,此时浮子的水动力性能最佳。文中得出的浮子水动力性能研究结论可为其他波浪发电装置提供参考,具有很好的工程应用价值。

The hydrodynamic performance of a float is an important factor affecting the primary energy con⁃version efficiency of a wave power generator.Therefore,in order to improve the energy harvesting efficiency of floats,it is necessary to carry out the research on the hydrodynamic performance of floats.This paper takes the self-developed"Haida 1"rocker wave power generator as the research object,and based on the three-di⁃mensional potential flow theory,derives the motion equation of a float under the action of linear regular wave.In addition,the hydrodynamic performance of floats with different shapes is analyzed by CFD hydrodynamic simulation software,and the optimal shape of the float is determined.Based on the optimal shape of the float,the influence of the relationship between the wavelength and the float size on the hydrodynamic performance of the float is further studied.Then the correctness of the simulation test results is verified by the 1:1 physical model test,and the energy capture efficiency of the float under different ratios of wavelength to float size is ob⁃tained.Finally,it is concluded that the optimal shape of the float is a mixture of a cylinder and a ball,the op⁃timal ratio of the wavelength to the size of the float is 4,and with this optimal ratio,the hydrodynamic perfor⁃mance of the float is optimal.The conclusions of the research on the hydrodynamic performance of the float can provide reference for other wave power generation devices and have a good engineering application value.