国家距离对中国高技术产品进口三元边际的影响研究

Study on the Influence of Country Distance on the Ternary Margin of China’s High-tech Product Import

主动扩大进口是推动我国经济高质量发展的重要举措,扩大高技术产品进口对优化贸易结构,促进产业升级有着重要意义。根据2003—2017年中国与主要贸易伙伴的相关数据,从国家距离的角度,运用扩展引力模型,实证分析了地理距离、经济距离、制度距离与技术距离对中国高技术产品进口三元边际的影响。研究结果表明:国家距离不利于中国高技术产品进口贸易发展,经济距离和制度距离会降低中国高技术产品进口数量边际,技术距离会提高进口价格边际。根据研究结果,从构建区域经济合作网络、优化制度环境、加快技术进步及规避地理距离对进口不利影响等方面提出了推动中国高技术产品贸易增长的建议。

The active expansion of import is an important measure to promote the high-quality development of China’s economy. Expanding the import of high-tech products is of great significance to optimize the trade structure and promote industrial upgrading. According to the data of China and its main trading partners from 2003 to 2017,the influence of geographical distance,economic distance, institutional distance,and technical distance on the ternary margin of China’s high-tech products import is empirically analyzed by using the extended gravity model from the perspective of national distance.The results show that the national distance is not conducive to the development of China’s high-tech products import trade, the economic distance and the institutional distance will reduce the import quantity margin of China’s high-tech products, and the technical distance will increase the import price margin. According to the research results, some suggestions are put forward to promote the growth of China’s high-tech products trade from the aspects of constructing regional economic cooperation network,optimizing the institutional environment,speeding up technological progress and avoiding the adverse effects of geographical distance on imports.