基于正交矩阵分析的巷道锚杆支护优化

Optimization of roadway bolt support based on orthogonal matrix analysis

目前经验类比法是巷道支护设计的主要方法,精细定量的设计方法和合理有效的优化方法一直是巷道支护的研究热点。本文以某煤矿风巷为背景,采用正交数值模拟方法,系统研究不同锚杆长度、预紧力及顶角锚杆安装角度下的塑性区体积、顶底板移近量和两帮收敛量的变化规律。在此基础上,提出多指标的巷道锚杆支护正交设计矩阵分析方法,优化依托工程支护方案并开展现场工业试验。研究结果表明:就锚杆支护而言,对巷道稳定性的影响大小依次为锚杆长度、顶角锚杆安装角度和预紧力,其影响权重分别为51.7%,45.8%和2.5%;顶角锚杆安装角度建议为15°,顶板锚杆长度尚应满足进入顶板岩层内的要求;采用所提方法得到的优化支护方案应用效果良好,能保证工作面回采期间巷道的稳定性,证实了该方法的有效性。研究为巷道锚杆支护设计和优化提供了新的视觉。

At present,empirical analogy is the main method for roadway support design,and fine quantitative design method and reasonable and effective optimization method have always been the research hotspots of roadway support.In this paper,based on a coal mine ventilation roadway,orthogonal numerical simulation is used to systematically study the change law of plastic zone volume,the displacement of top and bottom plates,and the convergence of two sides under different bolt lengths,pre-tightening forces,and angles of top angle anchors.On this basis,multi-index orthogonal design matrix optimization for roadway bolt support is proposed,the engineering support scheme is optimized,and the on-site industrial test is carried out.The results have shown that in terms of bolt support,the influence on the stability of the roadway is the length of the bolt,the angle of the anchor bolt and the pre-tightening force,and the impact weights are 51.7%,45.8%,and 2.5%,respectively.The suggested angle of top angle anchor is 15°,and the length of roof bolt should meet the requirements for entering the roof rock formation;the optimized support scheme obtained with the proposed method has good application effect and can ensure the stability of the roadway during the mining face mining,which proves the effectiveness of the method.The study provides a new vision for the design and optimization of roadway anchor support.