日粮添加山楂和黄芪对产后奶牛血浆代谢物的影响

Effect of Dietary Addition of Crataegus and Astragalus on Plasma Metabolites in Postpartum Dairy CCows

本研究旨在研究山楂和黄芪对产后奶牛血浆代谢物的影响。选择2~4胎次和上一个产奶周期产奶量接近的健康荷斯坦围产期奶牛20头,随机分成对照A组、处理C组,各10头。处理C组在对照A组的基础上添加300 g/(头·d)中草药山楂和黄芪(山楂与黄芪1:1);从预产期前21 d开始饲喂,到产后21 d试验结束。分别在分娩当天(0 d)、产后7 d(+7 d)和产后21 d(+21 d)尾静脉采血,制备血浆,应用超高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱(UHPLC-QTOF-MS)代谢组学技术,结合主成分分析(PCA)和正交偏最小二乘法-判别分析(OPLS-DA)进行模式识别,以VIP>1、p<0.05且FC>1.3或FC<0.77为标准筛选显著差异代谢物。结果表明:0 d筛选出27种显著性差异代谢物,26种下调、1种上调;+7 d筛选出20种显著性差异代谢物,6种下调、14种上调;+21d筛选出42种显著性差异代谢物,16种下调、26种上调。亚油酸代谢、丙氨酸,天冬氨酸和谷氨酸代谢、缬氨酸,亮氨酸和异亮氨酸代谢途径中相关代谢物发生了显著改变。综上所述,日粮添加山楂和黄芪可调节围产期奶牛脂代谢和氨基酸代谢,缓解能量负平衡。

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of hawthorn and astragalus on plasma metabolites in postpartum dairy cows.Twenty healthy Hanstein perinatal cows with a milk yield close to the previous milking cycle were selected and randomly divided into two groups(control group A,treatment group C),10 in each group.The control group was fed the basal diet;the treatment group C was supplemented with 300 g/(head·d)Chinese herbal medicine Hawthorn and Astragalus membranaceus(Hawthorn and Astragalus 1:1)on the basis of the basal diet;feeding began 21 days before the due date and ended 21 days after delivery.Blood was collected from the tail vein on the day of delivery(0 d),7 days postpartum(+7 d),and 21 days postpartum(+21 d)to prepare plasma using ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UHPLC-QTOF-MS).Metabolomics technology,combined with principal component analysis(PCA)and orthogonal partial least squares-discrimination analysis(OPLS-DA)for pattern recognition,VIP>1,p<0.05 and FC>1.3 or FC<0.77 were used as the criteria to screen the significantly different metabolites.The results were as follows:27 significant differential metabolites were screened by 0 d,26 down-regulated and 1 up-regulated;20 significant differential metabolites were screened in+7 d,6 down-regulated and 14 up-regulated;42 significant in+21 d Differential metabolites,16 downregulated and 26 up-regulated.Significant changes were observed in linoleic acid metabolism,alanine,aspartate and glutamate metabolism,and related metabolites in the proline,leucine and isoleucine metabolic pathways.To sum up:the addition of hawthorn and astragalus to the diet can regulate the amino acid metabolism and lipid metabolism of peripartum dairy cows and alleviate the negative energy balance.