基于虚拟仿真的拖拉机后悬挂检测装置设计与实验

Design and test of tractor hydraulic suspension system testing device based on virtual simulation

针对目前拖拉机液压悬挂检测效率低、劳动强度大且易造成人身伤害等问题,基于虚拟仿真本文设计了一种用于拖拉机液压悬挂检测的挂接检测装置,该装置由挂接部分和加载部分组成。挂接部分采用液压自动控制的方式完成拖拉机下拉杆的定位和穿销,加载部分通过液压加载油缸和杠杆机构对拖拉机下拉杆进行加载,并且采用杠杆加载方式可减小加载油缸运动位移,避免实验场地开挖地沟。运用Adams和Workbench对拖拉机液压悬挂挂接检测装置分别进行运动学仿真和力学仿真,结果表明,该挂接检测装置设计符合运动学要求,未出现干涉卡死现象,且满足力学要求。试制了拖拉机液压悬挂挂接检测装置,开展挂接与承载提升实验,在装置末端施加5 kN的加载力,同时拖拉机下拉杆提升650 mm。试验表明:研制的挂接检测装置可准确、快速挂接下拉杆,并能完成拖拉机液压悬挂承载提升,满足预期要求。该研究可为拖拉机液压悬挂智能化、高效率检测以及相关检测装置的设计提供参考。

In order to solve the problems of low testing efficiency,high labor intensity and danger during the tractor hydraulic suspension system text,a hitching testing device for tractor hydraulic suspension system was designed based on virtual simulation. The mechanism was composed of a hitching part and a loading part. In the hitching system,the hydraulic automatic control method was used to complete the positioning and connection of the tractor’s lower pull rod. In the loading system,the lower pull rod of the tractor was loaded by adopting the hydraulic loading cylinder and lever mechanism. Meanwhile,using the lever loading method can reduce the movement displacement of the loading cylinder and avoid the excavation of the trench in the experiment site. The virtual simulation software,Adams and Workbench,was used to simulate the kinematics and mechanics of the tractor hydraulic hitch detection device. The results show that the designed hitch test device meets the mechanical requirements and the kinematic requirements without interference jamming. The tractor hydraulic hitch test device was manufactured and assembled,and the hitch and loading experiments were carried out. A loading force of 5 kN was applied to the end of the device during the loading test,and the lower pull rod of the tractor was lifted 650 mm. The results of the verification test show that the device can be used to connect the lower pull rod of the tractor accurately and quickly,and can complete the loading experiment of tractor hydraulic suspension,which meets the expected requirements. This research can provide reference for intelligent and high efficiency testing of tractor hydraulic suspension,and designing the corresponding device for testing.