中国大学内部规则的科层模式与社会建制

The Bureaucratic Model and the Social Institution of Internal Rules in Chinese Universities

内部规则创建是中国特色现代大学制度转化为治理效能的关键。当前外力推动的内部规则集中式创建呈现出科层模式趋向,导致大学内部组织化程度增强,制约制度优势向治理效能的转化。中国大学内部规则具有组织建制与社会建制二重性,应当在国家治理框架下凸显社会建制属性,同时通过组织建制实现内部规则的个性化和差异化。未来大学内部规则创建要在适当控制规则范畴的同时增强创建和执行规则的能力,综合考虑不同层面规则要素的特殊性以选择合适的规则创建切入点,统筹优化规则所涉管理与决策活动的数量与规则执行效果的可监控性,建立起大学内部规则的动态演变机制,以达成大学内部规则的治理效能。

Establishing internal rules is the key to transforming the modern university system with Chinese characteristics into governance efficiency.The centralized establishing of internal rules driven by external forces presents a trend of bureaucratic model,which leads to an increase in the degree of organization within the university,and restricts the transformation of institutional advantages into governance effectiveness.Internal rules have the duality of organizational institution and social institution.At present,the social institution should be highlighted under the framework of national governance and at the same time achieve personalization and differentiation of internal rules by organizational institution.Establishing internal rules should properly control the rule categories and enhance the ability to establish and implement internal rules,choose the appropriate entry point to establish internal rules according to the particularity of the rule elements at different levels,coordinate the quantity of management and decision-making activities covered by the rules and the monitor ability of the effectiveness of the rules,and establish a dynamic evolution mechanism of the university’s internal rule system,so as to improve the internal governance efficiency of the university.