从嵌入到断裂:公立大学组织认同的困境与超越——基于单位制变迁的视角

From Embedded to Disrupted:The Dilemma and Transcend of the Organizational Identity in Public University

单位制是公立大学组织认同的制度环境,形塑着公立大学组织成员的认知、情感与行为模式。嵌入于单位制的公立大学,其组织认同具有"单位特征":被动式依赖性、嵌套式整体性和情感归属性。改革开放以来,单位制发生着剧烈变迁,制度环境的转型造成不同体制下组织认同的差异,致使公立大学组织认同的断裂:"国家干部"向"普通雇员"身份转变的"认知失落"、"归属性认同"向"生存性认同"转型的"情感迷茫"、"组织公民行为"向"理性行动"转变的"行为断裂"。在后单位时期,重构分化的公立大学组织认同,应通过"资源整合"以重塑利益性组织认同,"制度整合"以重建认知性组织认同,"文化整合"以孕育情感性组织认同。

Danwei institution is the institutional environment of the organizational identity in public universities,which has shaped the cognition,emotion and activity model of public university members.The organizational identity,which has embedded in Danwei institution,has typical"Danwei"characteristics:passive dependence,nested integration and emotional belonging.Since the Reform and Opening-up,the Danwei institution has changed greatly.The transformation of institutional environment has led to the differences in organizational identity among different institutions,resulting in the disruptions of organizational identity in public universities:the cognition loss cause by the change from"state cadres"to"ordinary employees";the emotional confusion from the"belonging identity"to"survival identity";and the fracture of activity during the transformation from"organizational citizenship behavior"to"rational behavior".In the era of post-Danwei,the ways of reconstructing the disrupted organizational identity in public universities are as follows:integrate resources to reshape the interest identity,integrate institutions to reconstruct the cognitive identity and integrate cultures to nurture the emotional identity.