服务国家战略:俄罗斯扩大留学生规模的行动逻辑探析

Serving the National Strategy:An Analysis of Russia's Action Logic in Expanding the Scale of Foreign Students

进入21世纪,全方位加速教育现代化成为俄罗斯国家创新发展战略的重要组成部分。作为教育现代化重要指征的高等教育国际化一直是俄罗斯努力推进的重要领域,而提升高校影响力、扩大留学生规模又是其中尤为突出的任务之一。但多极化世界中的俄罗斯与昔日的苏联已全然不同,必须探索新型路径方能实现扩大留学生规模的初衷。在国家战略统筹、多元主体协同推进的原则下,俄罗斯通过五大路径取得了吸引留学生的明显成效,不仅数量规模和经济收效并举,而且已成为世界主要非英语留学目的国之一。俄罗斯吸引留学生新型路径的探索因循服务国家战略的三大行动逻辑:服从多方位外交战略,采取区域差别化策略;服务创新经济战略,打造服务型留学产业链;依从文化复兴战略,加强"俄语世界"的国际理解与认同。我国国情与俄罗斯有相似之处,在扩大留学生规模、提升吸引留学生政策效能方面,俄罗斯的主张与探索具有启发性。

Since the 21st century,promoting the modernization of education has become an important part of Russia's national innovation and development strategy.As an important indicator of educational modernization,the internationalization of higher education has always been an important field that Russia has worked hard to promote,enhancing the influence of universities and expanding the scale of foreign students is one of the most prominent tasks.However,Russia in a multi-polar world is completely different from the Soviet Union in the past.It is necessary to explore new paths to realize the original intention of expanding the scale of foreign students.Based on the principle of national strategic planning and coordinated advancement of multiple subjects,Russia has achieved significant results in attracting foreign students through five major paths.Not only has it achieved both quantitative scale and economic results,it has also become one of the world's major non-English study destinations.Russia's exploration of new ways to attract foreign students follows the three major action logics of serving the country's strategy:regional differentiation strategies under the framework of multi-faceted diplomatic strategy;building a service-oriented study abroad industry chain under the framework of innovative economic strategy;strengthening the international understanding and recognition of the"Russian World"under the guidance of the cultural revival strategy.There are similarities between my country and Russia.In terms of expanding the scale of foreign students and improving the effectiveness of the policy of attracting foreign students,Russia's measures are inspiring for my country.