钠离子通道在神经性疾病发病机制的研究进展

Research Progress of Sodium Channel in the Pathogenesis of Neurological Diseases

电压门控型钠离子通道(voltage-gated sodium channel,VGSC)是大脑所有区域神经元兴奋性的关键膜蛋白通道,也是影响神经元电兴奋性的关键因素。它们通过外周和中枢神经系统中的动作电位产生和传播来传输电信号在静止、激活和失活状态之间进行转换。越来越多的证据表明VGSC不仅在神经元的正常电生理活动中起重要作用,而且与神经性疾病密切相关,目前,已经成为治疗多种神经性疾病的靶点。本综述总结了VGSC的结构和功能及在神经性疾病中所发挥的作用,为今后神经性疾病的治疗提供理论基础。

Voltage-gated sodium channel(VGSC)is a key membrane protein channel for neuronal excitability in all regions of the brain,and also a key factor affecting neuronal electrical excitability.They transmit electrical signals through the generation and transmission of action potentials in the peripheral and central nervous systems,and switch between resting,activating and inactivating states.More and more evidences show that VGSC not only plays an important role in the normal electrophysiological activities of neurons,but also is related to neurological diseases.At present,VGSC has become a target to a variety of neurological diseases.This article reviews the structure and function of VGSC and its role in neurological diseases,providing a theoretical basis for the treatment of neurological diseases in the future.