涉警舆情结构及其演化机理分析

The Structure and Evolution Mechanism of Police-Related Public Opinion

涉警舆情本质是各参与主体以网络为主要媒介,针对有警察身份卷入的案事件进行讨论所形成的整体性认知。涉警舆情的生成、演化与其内在结构有着紧密关联。涉警舆情结构包括三部分,即由案事件当事人及其近亲属、网民、公安机关构成的多元主体,由报纸、电视、网站及移动社交平台构成的媒介,由原发案事件构成的客体,三者的互动决定了涉警舆情发展的态势。在涉警案事件演化发展过程中,作为载体的网络媒介对原发案事件的孵化与推动具有重要作用,原发案事件被概念化进而与某种已知的社会问题相关联,推动社会结构性压力释放,是导致舆情持续发酵并走向失控的主要动因,而作为控制性力量的政府部门和公安机关通过回应性控制、干预性控制和引导性控制三种方式推动舆情平息。在涉警舆情酝酿、爆发及平息的三个阶段,其分别遵从叠加趋同规律、共振感染规律和阻滞替代规律。

The essence of police-related public opinion is a holistic cognition formed by all participants using the Internet as a main medium to discuss the cases involving police officers identity.The formation and evolution of police-related public opinion is closely related to its internal structure which includes three parts:the multiple subjects composed of the parties involved in a case and their close relatives,netizens,and public security organ,the media including newspapers,television,websites and mobile social platforms,and the object—the original incident itself.Conceptualized and then associated with a known social problem,the original incident promotes the release of social structural pressure,which is the main reason for public opinion’s keeping alive and even out of control.Government departments and public security organs let public opinion subside by responsive control,intervention control and guiding control.In the stages of simmering,breaking out,and subsiding of police-related public opinion,the rules of superposition and convergence,the rules of resonance infection,and the rules of block substitution are followed.